By John Monzingo, Assistant County Agent
Louisiana is proudly known as the “Sportsman’s Paradise,” a nickname earned through its rich
tradition of outdoor recreation. With more than 15 million acres of swamps, forests, and
waterways, the state offers abundant opportunities for boating, hunting, fishing, and other
activities. Louisiana is home to over 600 species of fish and wildlife, including duck, deer,
freshwater fish, and alligator—according to Louisiana Living and Business. For many residents,
the arrival of fall signals the beginning of hunting season. However, preparation should begin
well in advance.
Too often, hunters wait until just a few months before the season to begin thinking about the
land they hunt. Typical preparations may include scouting, clearing shooting lanes, or planting
food plots to attract wildlife. While these practices are important, I encourage a broader
approach; one that focuses on improving habitat rather than simply attracting animals for
harvest.
Habitat management should be the primary objective when establishing food plots. Wildlife
requires adequate nutrition year-round, not just during hunting season. By adopting a
comprehensive, year-long management strategy, landowners can provide consistent forage and
support healthier wildlife populations. Additionally, it is important to follow all guidelines and
regulations established by the Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries, particularly
regarding hunting over or near planted areas.
Before planting any crop, the first step should always be collecting a soil sample. Soil testing
provides critical information on nutrient levels, including nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium,
as well as soil pH. This allows land managers to apply the appropriate fertilizers and soil
amendments, such as lime or sulfur, to optimize plant growth. Adjusting soil pH to the proper
range ensures efficient nutrient uptake and promotes strong, productive vegetation.
Below is an example of a year-long planting guide for wildlife in our region:
Wildlife Planting Guide
Warm-Season (April–June)
2-Species Combination:
Cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata)
Seeding Rate: 40 lbs./acre
Planting Depth: ½–1 inch
Alyceclover (Alysicarpus vaginalis)
Seeding Rate: 10 lbs./acre
Planting Depth: ¼–½ inch
3-Species Combination:
Cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata) – 40 lbs./acre, ½–1 inch
Alyceclover (Alysicarpus vaginalis) – 10 lbs./acre, ¼–½ inch
American Jointvetch (Aeschynomene spp.) – 5 lbs./acre, ¼–½ inch
Cool-Season (September–Mid October)
4-Species Combination Option 1:
Rye (Secale cereale) – 75 lbs./acre, ½–1 inch
Oats (Avena sativa) – 25 lbs./acre, ½–1 inch
Arrowleaf Clover (Trifolium vesiculosum) – 10 lbs./acre, ¼–½ inch
Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) – 10 lbs./acre, ¼–½ inch
4-Species Combination Option 2:
Rye (Secale cereale) – 75 lbs./acre, ½–1 inch
Oats (Avena sativa) – 25 lbs./acre, ½–1 inch
Wheat (Triticum aestivum) – 20 lbs./acre, ½–1 inch
Arrowleaf Clover (Trifolium vesiculosum) – 10 lbs./acre, ¼–½ inch
Note: Seeding rates listed are for broadcast planting. Reduce rates by 20% when drilling. If plots
are primarily intended for quail or turkey, reduce rates by 40–60%.
By taking a long-term approach to habitat management, hunters can not only improve their
success in the field but also contribute to the sustainability of Louisiana’s wildlife resources for
future generations.
For additional information or assistance, please contact the LSU AgCenter Extension Office at
318-927-3110.